What are the most challenging problems that society faces? Почему "faces" а не "does face"?
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Best answer
В английском языке для вопросов, которые начинаются со слов «what / who» в настоящем времени, используется прямой порядок слов, без добавления вспомогательных «do / does». What ARE the problems - уже содержит в себе вопросительную модель, остальное выступает в качестве определений. Вопрос в предложении относится к слову problems, а не к обществу, которое с ними сталкивается (society that faces). Если остались вопросы, пишите в личные сообщения, буду рада помочь :)
- Sonia DecuEnglish Teacher (able to work with any age)
Society is a singular noun in the 3rd person so we add "s" to the end of the verb, because that is the rule for all verbs in the present simple tense. This is how we conjugate: I face (some problems daily) You face (some problems daily) He/She/It faces (some problems daily) We face (some problems daily) You face(some problems daily) They face(some problems daily) I used DAILY to show the character of routine that present tense simple usually gives to sentences. By extrapolation, routine becomes more than routine, it becomes a GENERAL TRUTH. Given that it is a general truth that society faces problems, this question can be formulated: What are the most challenging problems that society faces? "What are the most challenging problems that society does face"- would be a lot less used as this is a reinforcement of the idea that society does faces some problems-but it would be correct. I would use that question as a way to clarify it in a conversation: so okay, what problems DOES IT FACE?
Думаю, Вас смущает здесь составное предложение. То есть этот вопрос состоит из 2х частей - сам вопрос, а внутри вопроса есть придаточное предложение. Всё, что стоит после "that", описывает слово problems и отвечает на вопрос "какие проблемы?". В этой части обычный (прямой) порядок слов, как в утвердительном предложении. Поэтому вспомогательный там не нужен. "Does" иногда используется не только для построения вопроса или отрицания, но и для логического ударения или усиления (emphasis), но это другая история. Думаю, Вы имели в виду здесь именно то, что я описала.
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